Hi Kelly and welcome!
You've been mis-informed. Here's what you want to do:
1. test thermostat - remove thermostat and place in pot of room-temp water with thermometer. Turn on heat (high) and note temperature where thermostat opens fully. Should be around ~150F.
2. test temp-gauge sensor (on thermostat housing, right side) - remove temp-gauge sensor and place in pot of room-temp water with thermometer. Turn on heat (high). Measure resistance (impedance) of sensor at various temps. At 175F = ~51 ohms, at 210-F = ~28 ohms. This is known as NTC sensor, negative temperature coefficient, sensor-resistance decreases as temperatures increase.
3. test temp-gauge sensor wiring and gauge itself (on thermostat housing, right side) - key ON, with disconnected sensor wire, gauge should read
C. Connect sensor-wire to chassis-ground, gauge should read
H.
4. test fan thermoswitch (left side of radiator, your picture above) - remove fan thermoswitch, place in pot of room-temperature water with thermostat, turn on heat (high) and measure continuity between centre terminal and metal case of sensor. Note temperature when switch closes/connects (ON, no resistance, full continuity) ~205F. Turn off heat and dump in some ice-cube to cool water. Note temperature when switch opens/disconnects (OFF, infinite resistance, no continuity) ~195F.
5. test fan thermoswitch wiring (left side radiator, your picture above) - connect disconnected thermoswitch wire to chassis-ground with short-jumper, fan should turn ON.
FAN NOT RUNNING WHEN THERMOSWITCH WIRE GROUNDED
6. test fan - disconnect wiring-connector at fan. Apply +12v to one terminal and other terminal ground to chassis. Fan should run!
7. test fan relay - trace fan-wring to fan-relay, back-probe connector leaving relay connected.
- measure voltage at white wire going into fan relay, should be +12v full battery voltage
- fan-thermoswitch wire grounded, measure resistance (impedance) on relay black/yellow yellow wire to chassis-ground. Should be zero-ohms, full-continuity.
- fan-thermoswitch wire grounded, key ON, measure voltage at relay blue wire, should be +12v full battery voltage
8. test fan wiring - leave fan-thermoswitch wire grounded
- measure resistance between black/yellow terminal of fan-wiring connector to chassis-ground. Should be zero-ohms, full continuity.
- key ON, measure voltage at blue terminal of fan-wiring connector. Should be +12v full battery voltage
Do in order, There are many difference independent components that work together in cooling system. These test uses boolean-logic and process-of-elimination to determine which part is bad. There may be more than one bad part, so do all tests.